In issue 7 (October 2021) of Koi Talk magazine we published an article by Sam Norley, General Manager at Cuttlebrook Koi Farm focussing on feeding live food to Koi fry.
The purpose of feeding live food to Koi fry is to match as closely as possible the food the larvae will be eating in their natural environment. This involves culturing billions of microscopic algae (phytoplankton) to feed millions of zooplankton which are subsequently fed to thousands of fish larvae. This is a naturally occurring relationship that keeps populations healthy and in balance, known as a food web.
If you’ve not yet seen the article, don’t miss out! Issue 7 is available to purchase in the back issues section of our website.
If you’re interested in finding out more detail about this topic take a look at Sam’s list of references below:
- Barnabe, G. (1994). The Production of Aquatic Organisms. In Barnabe, G. Aquaculture biology and ecology of cultured species. Hertfordshire: Ellis Horwood Limited.
- Blakely, D, R., Hrusa, C, T. (1989). Inland Aquaculture Development Handbook. Great Britain: St Edmundsbury Press Ltd.
- Boyd, C, E., Tucker, C, S. (1998). Pond Aquaculture Water Quality Management. Massachusetts: Kluwer Academic Publications.
- De Silva, S. (2012). Carps. In Lucas, J, S., Southgate, P, C. Aquaculture farming aquatic animals and plants (2nd ED). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
- Dhont, J., Dierckens, K. (2013). Rotifers, Artemia and copepods as live feeds for fish larvae in aquaculture. In Allan, G., Burnell, G. Advances in aquaculture hatchery technology. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing Limited.
- Gilbert, J, J. (1985). Competition between Rotifers and Daphnia. Ecology: Ecological Society of America. 66 (6): 1943-1950.
- Hoff, F, H., Snell, T, W. (2014). Plankton Culture Manual. (6th ED). Florida: Florida Aqua Farms, Inc.
- Holt, G, J. (2011). Larval fish nutrition. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
- Horvath, L., Tamas, G., Seagrave, C. (2002). Carp and pond fish culture. Oxford: Fishing News Books.
- Jelkic, D., Opack, A., Stevic, I., Ozimec, S., Jug-Dujakovic, J., Safner, R. (2012). Rearing carp larve (Cyprinus carpio) in closed recircuilatroy systems (RAS). Ribarsvo. 70(1): 9-17.
- Kwei Lin, C., Teicherts-Coddington, D, R., Green, B, W., Veverica, K, L. (1997). Fertilization regimes. In Egna, H, S., Boyd, C, E. Dynamics of ponds aquaculture. Florida: CRC Press.
- Landau, M. (1992). Introduction to aquaculture. Canada: John Wiley & Sons, Inc
- Lavens, P., Sorgeloos. (1996). Manual on the Production and Use of Live Food for Aquaculture. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. 361.
- Norley, S. E., & Love, A. (2020). The effect of Virkon® aquatic on the bacterial count of Artemia cultures. Journal of Zoo and Aquarium Research, 8 (1), 72–75.
- Segers H. (2007) Global diversity of rotifers (Rotifera) in freshwater. In: Balian E.V., Lévêque C., Segers H., Martens K. (eds) Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment. Developments in Hydrobiology. 198. Dordrecht: Springer.
- Sharma, J, S., Chakrabarti, R. (2007). Larval Rearing of Common Carp Cyprinus carpio: A Comparision Between Natural and Artificial Diets Under Three Stocking Densities.Journal of the World Aquaculture Society. 30: 490-495.
- Southgate, P, C. (2012). Foods and Feeding. In Lucas, J, S., Southgate, P, C. Aquaculture farming aquatic animals and plants. (2nd ED). Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.
Van Stappen, G. (1996). Artemia. In Lavens, P., Sorgeloos, P. Manual on the production and use of live food for aquaculture. Italy: FAO. - Woynarovich, A., Moth-Poulsen, T., Peteri, A. (2010). Carp polyculture in Central and Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia. Rome: FAO.
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